Spending by European private households on home improvement went up by 4.3 per cent last year. In total the Dutch market research company USP ascertained a market volume of € 452.6 bn. However this sum doesn't only include spending on materials, but also labour costs for tradesmen who were commissioned by private persons for their home improvement projects. At € 103.8 bn the volume in the third quarter was the largest; but it was also the only quarter to record a drop compared to the previous year (-0.5 per cent). These figures were presented by Reinier Zuydgeest from USP at the Global DIY Summit in Stockholm last week.